![]() ![]() When the temperature exceeds 27☌ even with low humidity, the temperature is above the comfort zone for the high producing dairy cows. In India, the summer temperature goes beyond 45☌ which is 18☌ above the upper critical temperature of dairy cattle. Even with recent advancements in facilities and cooling strategies, recent severe heat stress episodes were estimated to result in losses of over $1 billion. Both changes increased energy spent on physiological responses to high temperatures and decreased intake of food result in a decrease in milk production. Decreased dry matter intake and increased water intake (i.e., cows eat less and drink more) are the most common behavioral changes when cattle are exposed to heat stress. As temperatures increase above the thermo neutral zone of a cow, the animal will undergo physiological changes to cool itself to maintain a constant body temperature. Įxcessive heat and humidity cause heat stress in dairy cows and a resulting decrease in milk production. ![]() Breed, age, stage of lactation, parity and milking frequency also influence performance production. ![]() India is a largest milk producing country in the world, but the production performance of the milking animal is very low. Warm climates depress feed intake, milk production, and reproductive performance in cows. Heat stress is one of the greatest challenges faced by dairy farmers in many regions of the world. Climate change directly influence on animal performance: growth, milk production, wool production and reproduction. The increase in thermal stress in day due to the rise in temperature will lead to additional loss of milk production of 1.6 million tons in 2020. The dairy farming sector which is one of the major sources of income for rural farmers is also getting affected due to the climate changes in the country. International community putting its efforts to minimize the future hazard and trying to mitigate the present situation created by climate change, the awareness levels of the individual and society on the climate change and its effect should motivate them to adopt the mitigation strategies. All around the world today climate change & its effects are getting high attention. ![]()
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